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The Art of Economic Statecraft

TODO - Connectic with with the problem of the observer. -=

Schools of Economic Statecraft

Planned Economies (Failed) / Planing in Economist (Inevitable).

Economic Statecraft Economic statecraft refers to the use of economic tools and policies by a country to achieve its international objectives, influence other nations' behavior, and further its national interests.

Nations must learn mindset (heart) and method (brain) to attain high growth. Active and wise policy is needed.

If you don’t know how to learn policies, international comparison, attention to details and proper tutoring by foreign experts are recommended methods.

State Economist Strategist

Note: This List Was Generated with ChatGPT; The Contribution of Deng is Exagerated; look at the true ideas man in that change.

Note: Check everything here.

Note: Thinkers operate within broader ecosystems of ideas. It is rare for radically different concepts to emerge in isolation. The smaller the intellectual or institutional environment, the lower the probability of divergence. Therefore, this list does not account for the intellectual history or context in which these ideas emerged.

🌍 Country ⏳ Period 👤 Thinker 📘 Contribution
🇦🇷 Argentina 19th c. Carlos Enrique José Pellegrini President; promoted industrial protection and infrastructure.
🇦🇹 Austria 18th c. Joseph von Sonnenfels Cameralist reformer advocating productive state development.
19th c. Eugen Böhm-Bawerk Capital theory and industrial productivity analysis.
🇧🇪 Belgium 19th c. Jean-Baptiste Nothomb Promoted Belgian railway and steel industries.
19th c. Léon Faucher Balanced industrial liberalism and public infrastructure.
🇧🇷 Brazil 19th c. Irineu Evangelista de Sousa (Viscount of Mauá) Industrial pioneer; built railroads, shipyards, banks.
20th c. Roberto Cochrane Simonsen Industrial historian and strategist.
🇨🇿 Czechia 19th c. František Palacký Czech national revival linked to industry.
20th c. Tomáš Baťa Industrialist; systems innovator and factory town planner.
🏴 England 15th c. Henry VII Supported textile industry and merchant fleet.
17th c. Thomas Mun Mercantilist theorist of trade surpluses.
🇫🇷 France 17th c. Jean-Baptiste Colbert Colbertism: state-directed manufacturing & protectionism.
17th c. Antoine de Montchrestien Traicté d’Économie Politique (1615); proto-political economist.
18th c. Jean-Baptiste Colbert (relisted) Seminal influence on European mercantilism.
🇩🇪 Germany 17th c. Philipp von Hörnigk Austria Over All If She Only Will; 9 mercantilist principles.
19th c. Friedrich List The National System of Political Economy (1841).
🇭🇺 Hungary 19th c. István Széchenyi Industrialization, banking, transport reform.
19th c. Károly Kautz National political economy and industrial development.
🇮🇪 Ireland 18th c. Jonathan Swift Drapier’s Letters, Modest Proposal; economic autonomy satire.
20th c. Arthur Griffith Sinn Féin leader; economic nationalism.
20th c. T. K. Whitaker Economic Development (1958); industrial strategy shift.
🇮🇹 Italy 17th c. Antonio Serra First treatise defending manufacturing for national wealth.
19th c. Camillo Benso di Cavour Railways and modernization in Piedmont.
20th c. Vilfredo Pareto Theory of elites and industrial-capitalist transition.
🇳🇱 Netherlands 17th c. Pieter de la Court Republican industrial trade theorist.
17th c. Johan de Witt Maritime-industrial power advocate.
🇳🇴 Norway 19th c. Anton Martin Schweigaard Legal/economic modernizer; pro-industry.
21st c. Erik S. Reinert How Rich Countries Got Rich…; neo-Listian critique.
🇵🇱 Poland 18th c. Stanisław Staszic Mining, engineering, and education for development.
20th c. Eugeniusz Kwiatkowski Central Industrial Region planner (1930s).
🇵🇹 Portugal 17th c. Duarte Ribeiro de Macedo Proto-arbitrista for manufacturing.
18th c. Marquês de Pombal Bourbon-style state-led reformer.
🇷🇺 Russia 19th c. Sergei Witte Railway industrialization and finance modernization.
🏴 Scotland 18th c. James Steuart Principles of Political Economy (1767); pre-Smithian planner.
19th c. Patrick Geddes Regional planning and urban-industrial revitalization.
🇰🇷 South Korea 21st c. Ha-Joon Chang Kicking Away the Ladder; critic of free-market dogma.
🇪🇸 Spain 16th c. Luis Ortiz Memorial (1558); import substitution and industry.
17th c. Sancho Moncada Restablecimiento de España; proto-industrial planning.
17th c. Pedro Fernández de Navarrete Conservación de Monarquías; productivity via reform.
18th c. Gerónimo de Uztáriz Teórica y Práctica de Comercio y Marina.
18th c. José del Campillo y Cossío Fiscal-industrial reform strategies.
🇸🇪 Sweden 18th c. Anders Chydenius Early liberal; free trade and productivity advocate.
🇺🇸 USA 18th c. Alexander Hamilton Report on Manufactures; infant industry protection.
19th c. Henry Carey Protectionist; national development theorist.
20th c. Nathan Rosenberg Innovation systems and industrial dynamics.
21st c. César Hidalgo The Atlas of Economic Complexity.
21st c. Ricardo Hausmann Economic complexity and capabilities theory.
21st c. Michael Porter Competitive Advantage of Nations.
21st c. Paul Romer Endogenous growth theory.
🇻🇪 / 🇬🇧 Venezuela / UK 21st c. Carlota Pérez Technological Revolutions and Financial Capital.
Country Agent Description Era
Japan Meiji Reformers Leaders and intellectuals who actively broke free from traditional patterns of thought, adopting Western science, technology, and institutions to modernize Japan. 1868–1912
Brazil Provincial Elites Historical social and political actors constrained by existing structures, limiting their ability to envision or implement transformative development paths. 1800s–1900s
United Kingdom Industrial Innovators Agents driving industrialization, leveraging technological adoption and capital accumulation while shaping norms and economic structures. 1760–1900
Germany Prussian State Planners Officials and intellectuals embedding efficiency, discipline, and scientific management into societal structures, fostering coordinated modernization. 1800s–1914
United States Founding Political Leaders Early state-builders who established institutions, legal norms, and civic frameworks that stabilized social reality and facilitated further development. 1776–1865
China Qing Reform Advocates Late Qing intellectuals and officials attempting selective modernization within tightly coupled social structures, facing resistance from entrenched norms. 1860s–1912
India Colonial Administrative Elite Agents constrained by colonial structures, balancing limited autonomy with imposed legal, educational, and economic systems, shaping societal evolution. 1800s–1947
France Napoleonic Reformers Leaders restructuring institutions, legal systems, and education to stabilize and centralize social and political reality. 1799–1815
Russia Tsarist Bureaucrats Centralized state agents whose decisions and actions were heavily determined by hierarchical norms, limiting transformative agency among broader social actors. 1700s–1917
Ottoman Empire Tanzimat Reformers Agents attempting systemic modernization via legal, military, and educational reforms, navigating entrenched social, religious, and bureaucratic structures. 1839–1876

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